Ngokuqinisa ukuqwashisa ngemvelo kuzwelonke, ngakolunye uhlangothi, umphakathi wonke ukhuthaza ukukhiqizwa okuhlanzekile futhi udinga ukuthi umjikelezo wokuphila wemikhiqizo ufeze izinyathelo zokonga amandla, ukunciphisa ukusetshenziswa, ukunciphisa ukungcola, kanye nokuthuthukisa ukusebenza kahle; ngakolunye uhlangothi, ukuze kuhlangatshezwane nezidingo zokupakisha okuluhlaza, imikhiqizo yokupakisha kudingeka iphephe futhi ihlanzeke, ibe nokuzivumelanisa kahle nokuvikelwa kwemvelo, futhi ingonge izinsiza.
Ukukhiqizwa nokusetshenziswa kwezinkomishi zephepha kuhambisana nenqubomgomo kazwelonke yokuvikela imvelo. Ukufaka izinkomishi zepulasitiki ezilahlwayo ngezinkomishi zephepha kunciphisa "ukungcola okumhlophe". Ukulula, inhlanzeko kanye nentengo ephansi yezinkomishi zephepha kuyisihluthulelo sokushintsha ezinye izitsha ukuze zithathe imakethe ebanzi. Izinkomishi zephepha zihlukaniswe ngezinkomishi zeziphuzo ezibandayo nezinkomishi zeziphuzo ezishisayo ngokwenhloso yazo. Ngaphezu kokuhlangabezana nezidingo zokusebenza kwazo kokupakisha nokucubungula, izinto zezindebe zephepha kumele zihlangabezane nokuzivumelanisa kwazo nokuphrinta. Phakathi kwezici eziningi kubuchwepheshe bokuphrinta, izimo zokuvala ukushisa kokucubungula izinkomishi zephepha kumele nazo zihlangatshezwe.
Ukwakheka kwezinto zendebe yephepha
Inqubo yokukhiqiza izinkomishi zeziphuzo ezibandayo inyatheliswa ngqo, inqunywe ngomshini, ibunjwe, futhi ibekwe eceleni kabili kusukela ephepheni eliyisisekelo lendebe yephepha. Inqubo yokukhiqiza izinkomishi zeziphuzo ezishisayo isukela ephepheni eliyisisekelo lendebe yephepha kuya ephepheni lendebe yephepha, ukuphrinta, ukusika ngomshini, kanye nokucubungula ukwakha.
Ukwakheka kwesisekelo sephepha lendebe yephepha
Iphepha eliyisisekelo lendebe yephepha lakhiwe ngemicu yezitshalo. Inqubo yokukhiqiza ngokuvamile ukusebenzisa ukhuni lwe-coniferous, ukhuni olunamaqabunga abanzi kanye neminye imicu yezitshalo ukuze kudlule ebhodini le-pulp ngemva kokudonsa, ukukhipha, ukugaya i-pulp, ukufaka izesekeli zamakhemikhali, ukuskena, nokukopisha umshini wephepha.
Ukwakheka kwephepha lendebe yephepha
Iphepha lendebe yephepha lakhiwe ngephepha lesisekelo lendebe yephepha kanye nezinhlayiya ze-resin zepulasitiki ezikhishwe futhi ezihlanganisiwe. I-polyethylene resin (PE) ivame ukusetshenziselwa i-resin yepulasitiki. Iphepha lesisekelo lendebe yephepha liba yiphepha lendebe yephepha elilodwa le-PE noma iphepha lendebe yephepha eliphindwe kabili le-PE ngemva kokulamina ifilimu ye-PE enezinhlangothi ezimbili noma ifilimu ye-PE enezinhlangothi ezimbili. I-PE inezakhiwo zayo ezingezona ezinobuthi, ezingenaphunga futhi ezingenaphunga; izakhiwo zokuhlanzeka ezithembekile; izakhiwo zamakhemikhali ezizinzile; izakhiwo zomzimba nezomshini ezilinganiselayo, ukumelana okuhle nokubanda; ukumelana namanzi, ukumelana nomswakama kanye nokumelana okuthile kwe-oxygen, ukumelana namafutha; ukusebenza okuhle kokubumba kanye nokusebenza okuhle kokuvala ukushisa kanye nezinye izinzuzo. I-PE inamandla amakhulu okukhiqiza, umthombo ofanele kanye nentengo ephansi, kodwa ayifanele ukupheka ekushiseni okuphezulu. Uma indebe yephepha inezidingo ezikhethekile zokusebenza, i-resin yepulasitiki enokusebenza okuhambisanayo ikhethwa ukuze ilamine.
Izidingo zesisekelo sendebe yephepha
Izidingo zobuso bephepha lesisekelo sendebe yephepha
Iphepha eliyisisekelo lendebe yephepha ephrintiwe ngqo kufanele libe namandla athile obuso (inani lenduku ye-wax ≥14A) ukuvimbela ukulahleka kwezinwele nokulahleka kwempuphu ngesikhathi sokuphrinta; ngesikhathi esifanayo, kumele libe nobuncane obuhle bobuso ukuze lihlangabezane nokufana kokufaka inki kwento ephrintiwe.
Isikhathi sokuthunyelwe: Ephreli-12-2024